This post is for the respect of Cyrus The Great.
Iran (Persia) is always known for its 2500 years of history and antiquity. It is an ancient country!
This post is for the respect of Cyrus The Great and also for reminding to people who are know Iran and for declare to who are don't know this country and the antiquity of Iran yet...
This history began since 728 BC. The first civilization that organized at this state (left corner of Asia that called Parsa) was the Medes by Cyaxares.
Medes with domination on side's countries and victory of their areas,could developed their state and been the biggest imperial in west of Asia.
In 550 BC, Cyrus I made Medes defeat and after that Achaemenid Empire was founded (Iran before Islam, on that days people were Zoroastrian.)
Cyrus I had two sons: Bardia and Cambyses. For reaching to the power, Cambyses had killed his brother and then he was been the king after his father.
Cambyses was get married with Mandana,daughter of Astyages King of Media and son of Cyaxares the Great.
Astyages had a second dream when Mandane became pregnant where a vine grew from her womb and overtook the world. Terrified, he sent his most loyal court retainer, Harpagus, to kill the child. However, Harpagus was loath to spill royal blood and hid the child, Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great), with a shepherd named Mitradates.
Years later,when Cyrus II was playing with other children who are royal,he acted a king and he commanded to one of the children, and he didn't change his command with insistence.
The government found he has a royal blood so they forced Harpagus to telling the truth and when reality was found,Astyages forced Harpagus to eat the meat of his son.
After that Harpagus helped to Cyrus II to defeat the Astyages
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Cyrus the great for the first time in the history of the world that everyone is free to their religious beliefs and their religious rituals,so he founded the compatibility between religions and beliefs and he established Human Rights that is known with Cyrus Cylinder.
Cyrus the Great's dominions comprised the largest empire the world had ever seen. At the end of Cyrus's rule, the Achaemenid Empire stretched from Asia Minor in the west to the northwestern areas of India in the east.
The details of Cyrus's death vary by account. The account of Herodotus from his Histories provides the second-longest detail, in which Cyrus met his fate in a fierce battle with the Massagetae, a tribe from the southern deserts of Khwarezm and Kyzyl Kum in the southernmost portion of the steppe regions of modern-day Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, following the advice of Croesus to attack them in their own territory.The Massagetae were related to the Scythians in their dress and mode of living; they fought on horseback and on foot. In order to acquire her realm, Cyrus first sent an offer of marriage to their ruler, Tomyris, a proposal she rejected. He then commenced his attempt to take Massagetae territory by force, beginning by building bridges and towered war boats along his side of the river Jaxartes, or Syr Darya, which separated them. Sending him a warning to cease his encroachment in which she stated she expected he would disregard anyway, Tomyris challenged him to meet her forces in honorable warfare, inviting him to a location in her country a day's march from the river, where their two armies would formally engage each other. He accepted her offer, but, learning that the Massagetae were unfamiliar with wine and its intoxicating effects, he set up and then left camp with plenty of it behind, taking his best soldiers with him and leaving the least capable ones. The general of Tomyris's army, who was also her son Spargapises, and a third of the Massagetian troops killed the group Cyrus had left there and, finding the camp well stocked with food and the wine, unwittingly drank themselves into inebriation, diminishing their capability to defend themselves, when they were then overtaken by a surprise attack. They were successfully defeated, and, although he was taken prisoner, Spargapises committed suicide once he regained sobriety. Upon learning of what had transpired, Tomyris denounced Cyrus's tactics as underhanded and swore vengeance, leading a second wave of troops into battle herself. Cyrus the Great was ultimately killed, and his forces suffered massive casualties in what Herodotus referred to as the fiercest battle of his career and the ancient world. When it was over, Tomyris ordered the body of Cyrus brought to her, then decapitated him and dipped his head in a vessel of blood in a symbolic gesture of revenge for his bloodlust and the death of her son. However, some scholars question this version, mostly because Herodotus admits this event was one of many versions of Cyrus's death that he heard from a supposedly reliable source who told him no one was there to see the aftermath.
Herodotus, also recounts that Cyrus saw in his sleep the oldest son of Hystaspes (Darius I) with wings upon his shoulders, shadowing with the one wing Asia, and with the other wing Europe.
Cyrus the Great's remains were interred in his capital city of Pasargadae, where today a limestone tomb (built around 540–530 BC) still exists which many believe to be his. Both Strabo and Arrian give nearly equal descriptions of the tomb, based on the eyewitness report of Aristobulus of Cassandreia, who at the request of Alexander the Great visited the tomb two times. Though the city itself is now in ruins, the burial place of Cyrus the Great has remained largely intact; and the tomb has been partially restored to counter its natural deterioration over the years.
And there is another story about how Cyrus The Great was died:
Masazhtha rebellion of a tribe of Scythians Iranian and seminomad and beams across the Syrdarya River, north-eastern borders of the kingdom was threatened. Cyrus the Great, Cambyses as king of Babylon appointed and went to war and won victories at the start. Greek historians have claimed that their stories Masazhtha Iranian queen, Thmryysh drew him into its territory, Cyrus the hard battle, defeated and injured and died after three days and that his body was taken and buried in Pasargadae. After the death of Cyrus, his older son, Cambyses, was the empire of Iran.
Dariyus The Great (Dariyus I) is the third king of Achaemenid Empire.
One of the most important objects and ancient inscriptions of that duration is Persepolis.
You can read more about Persepolis from this two links: http://wanderme.wordpress.com/2011/11/19/the-real-iran-pt2-the-biblical-city-of-persepolis/
In this duration the first gold coin was mintage.
In 334 BC-331 BC Alexander the Great, also known in the Zoroastrian Arda Wiraz Nâmag as "the accursed Alexander", defeated Darius III in the battles of Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, swiftly conquering the Persian Empire by 331 BC. Alexander's empire broke up shortly after his death, and Alexander's general, Seleucus I Nicator, tried to take control of Persia, Mesopotamia, and later Syria and Asia Minor. His ruling family is known as the Seleucid Dynasty. However he was killed in 281 BC by Ptolemy Keraunos. Greek language, philosophy, and art came with the colonists. During the Seleucid Dynasty throughout Alexander's former empire, Greek became the common tongue of diplomacy and literature. Overland trade brought about some fascinating cultural exchanges. Buddhism came in from India, while Zoroastrianism travelled west to influence Judaism. Incredible statues of the Buddha in classical Greek styles have been found in Persia and Afghanistan, illustrating the mix of cultures that occurred around this time.
After that we have Parthian Empire 248 BC- 224 AD and then Sassanid Empire 224 AD – 651 AD.
Tahirid dynasty 873 AD - 820 AD
Saffarid dynasty 875 AD - 900 AD
Samanids 819–999
Ziyarid dynasty 928-1043
Buyid dynasty They
founded a confederation that controlled most of modern-day Iran and Iraq in the 10th and 11th centuries.
Ghaznavids 975
to 1186
Great Seljuq Empire 1038 to 1194
Khwarazmian dynasty 1077
to 1231 AD
Ilkhanate 1219–1224
Timurid dynasty 14th
century
You can read more about Isfahan city,the city was very important in Safavid dynasty from links:
Afsharid dynasty were members of an Iranian dynasty of Turkic origin, from Khorasan, who ruled Persia in the 18th century. The dynasty was founded in 1736 by the military commander Nader Shah, who deposed the last member of the Safavid dynasty and proclaimed himself King of Iran. During Nader's reign, Iran reached its greatest extent since the Sassanid Empire. After his death, most of his empire was divided between the Zands and the Durranis, and Afsharid rule was confined to a small local state in Khorasan. Finally, the Afsharid dynasty was overthrown by Mohammad Khan Qajar in 1796.
As what you see Iran is become more limited slowly by the time and several wars.
Qajar dynasty from 1785 to 1925, The Qajar family took full control of Iran in 1794, deposingLotf 'Ali Khan, the last of the Zand dynasty, and re-asserted Persian sovereignty over parts of the Caucasus. In 1796, Mohammad Khan Qajarseized Mashhad which was under Durrani suzerainty, putting an end to the Afsharid dynasty, and Mohammad Khan was formally crowned as shah.
Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, the father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi(reigned 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (reigned 1941–1979).
The Pahlavis came to power after Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last ruler of the Qajar dynasty, proved unable to stop British and Soviet encroachment on Iranian sovereignty, and was consequently overthrown in a military coup, abdicated and ultimately exiled to France. The National Assembly, known as the Majlis, convening as a constituent assembly on 12 December 1925, deposed the young Ahmad Shah Qajar, and declared Reza Shah the new monarch of the Imperial State of Persia. In 1935, Reza Shah instructed foreign embassies to call Persia by its ancient name, Iran.
The Pahlavi dynasty was overthrown in 1979 when Reza Shah's son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, was forced into exile by an Islamic Revolution led by Ruhollah Khomeini.
And now this is the Iran!
Maybe I couldn't describe all the glory of Iran but I want to tell to the world what we were and what we are!
Never sleep Cyrus...
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